Unit 6 Health and exercise : Class 11 English

Ways with words

A. Ten words in the bold face in the text correspond to the definitions below. Match the definitions with the corresponding words.

a. in spite of what has just been said or referred to
nevertheless

b. a strong desire or impulse
urge

c. the ability to continue trying to do something, although it is very difficult
determination

d. to attract attention to or emphasize something important
highlight

e. arguing about things that are not important
bickering

f. not having things or conditions that are usually considered necessary
deprivation

g. continue to exist
persist

h. soft loose flesh on a person’s body
flab

i. to improve or increase something
boost

j. a limiting condition on something
restriction

Now, make sentences of your own using the same words in bold type.

a. Nevertheless the idea of the value of improving breeds is gaining ground.

b. She fought back the urge to run.

c. Determination was her motivation to stand up to the bully.

d. Do you know what he highlighted in red?

e. Maybe he meant he was sick of all the bickering with his family.

f. They are often targeted on areas of multiple deprivation.

g. f the symptoms persist, contact your doctor.

h. I wish everyone who is fighting the flab the very best of luck.

i. Drama also boosts the communication skills of students with special needs.

j. Both these propositions were, with some restrictions, secured.

B. The words ‘restriction’ and ‘awareness’ are nouns with the suffixes ‘-ion’ and ‘-ness’. Make a list of as many words as you can which end in ‘-ion’ and ‘-ness’. Make a list of as many words as you can which end in ‘-ion’ and ‘ness.

‘-ion’
pollution, invention, invention, solution, substitution, partition, evolution

-’ness’
politeness, goodness, badness, usefulness, Kindness

Comprehension

A. Write whether the following statements are True, False or Not Given.

a. During the holidays people eat and drink more than usual. True

b. Getting too little exercise and eating too much is the reason why people put on weight. True

c. David Allison’s research involved studying rats under laboratory conditions. False

d. You may need to go shopping for clothes if you come down with a cold. True

e. Adenovirus-36 (AD-36) decreases the percentage of fat in the fat cells. False

f. Vaccination against infections could be used in the future to prevent obesity. True

g. People under severe stress can experience breathing difficulties. Not Given

h. A study indicates that mice that have never been on a diet choose fatty food, when given a choice between high-calorie or low-calorie food products. False

i. Rajita Sinha has been studying the connection between brain activity and behaviour. False

j. Specific hormones regulate our appetite. True

B. Answer the following questions.

a. In what sense are the holidays a time of excess? When can a person gain weight?

In holidays people eat and drink more than usual. In this sense holidays are a time of excess. A person can gain weight if he/she eats more food and do little exercise.

b. According to David Allison, which factor contributes to excess obesity?

According to David Allison, over eating and under exercise contributes to excess obesity.

c. What, according to Dhurandhar, can be the way of preventing fatness?

According to Dhurandhar, vaccination against infections can be the way of preventing fatness.

d. What is the relationship between chill and obesity? How can saying ‘om’ help reduce fatness?

Being chill, we can reduce our fatness. Saying ‘Om’ helps reduce fatness by taking control over the urges and stress related eating of high calorie foods.

e. Why is it necessary to be careful while buying plastic packaged fatty foods?

It is necessary to be careful while buying plastic packaged fatty foods because they contain endocrine disrupter chemicals that can affect our stomach.

f. Why does Nelson suggest avoiding blue wavelengths of light at night?

Nelson suggests avoiding blue wavelengths of light at night because these lights might increase the calories in human body.

g. How does breathing polluted air affect one’s fatness?

Breathing polluted air affects one’s fatness as polluted air activates (chronic) inflammation and disrupts the body’s ability to burn energy.

h. What is the link between sleep and weight?

The link between sleep and weight is that sleep deprivation boosts body weight.

Critical thinking

a. What do you do you to keep yourself fit? What food do you avoid and why?

b. Healthy citizens are the greatest asset of a country. What can a state do to keep her citizen healthy?

Writing

a. Yoga can be good to stay physically and mentally healthy. Do you practice any yoga? Write an essay on the benefits of yoga.

b. How can a person be mentally healthy? Provide about ten tips to a person to stay mentally fresh and healthy.

Grammar

B. Complete the sentences by choosing the correct verbs from the brackets.

a. Everyone has (has/have) problems in their life. Countries also have (has/have) problems, and so does (do/does) the world. One of the greatest problems is (is/are) the growing population. The population in some countries is (is/are) huge.

b. A number of my friends love (love/loves) riding bicycles, but neither my brother nor my sister owns (own/owns) a cycle. At 4 o’clock, either my mother or father is (is/are) coming to pick me up in a car.

c. The pair of shoes on the floor is (is/are) mine. The shoes were (was/ were) made in China. The three thousand rupees I spent on them was (was/were) worth it.

C. Are the following sentences correct? If not, correct them.

a. Everyone of the workers receive the same benefits.

Everyone of the workers receives the same benefits.

b. There is two gerbils in my bathroom.

There are two gerbils in my bathroom.

c. Both of my friends live in Kathmandu.

Both of my friends live in Kathmandu.

d. Scissors is used to have our hair cut.

Scissors are used to have our hair cut.

e. You and your friends are welcome to join us.

You and your friends are welcome to join us.

f. Are the news on at five or six?

Is the news on at five or six?

g. The man with all his children live in the city.

The man with all his children lives in the city.

h. Mathematics are Prem’s favourite subject, while Economics is Alina’s favourite subject.

Mathematics is Prem’s favourite subject, while Economics is Alina’s favourite subject.

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