Unit 14 Power and politics : English NEB Class 11

Ways with words

A. Choose the correct meaning of the underlined word.

a. Many portraits of Napoleon show him with his right hand placed inside his coat.
sketch

b. Napoleon won one victory after another, defeating the Austrians in eighteen battles.
beating

c. Portrait painters thought this pose made men look more dignified.
good-looking

d. They announced France a republic.
officially declared

e. Napoleon conquered Austria in 1805.
triumphed over

f. There was no place to house his soldiers in the bitter Russian winter.
Cold

g. Napoleon was humiliated when he was defeated.
shamed

B. Guess the meanings to these words from the text and make sentences of your own.

1. 
   1. violent : causing hurt
   The love that is too violent will not last long.
   
   2. execute : kill somebody as a legal punishment
   He was captured and executed for murder.
   
   3. ancient : very old
   The pyramids were built in ancient times.
   
   4. alliance : a union between people, groups, countries, etc.
   The two parties were still too much apart to form an alliance.
   
   5. brilliant : very intelligent or skillful
   Brilliant students are favourite of teachers.
   
   6. genius : very great and rare natural ability or skill
   You don’t have to be a genius to see that this plan will never work.
   
   7. consul : an official chosen by a government to live in a foreign city
   The Consul spoke slowly and with great gravity.
   
   8. invading : to enter a place in order to take control by military force
   During the Second World War the island was invaded by the Axis powers.

Comprehension

Answer these questions.

a. Where was Napoleon from?

Napoleon was from France.

b. Why did poor and middle-class people declare France a republic?

Poor and middle-class people declared France a republic because they were tired of paying heavy taxes for the luxurious life of the king and his nobles.

c. When did Napoleon declare himself emperor of France?

Napoleon declared himself emperor of France in 1804.

d. What did he do when he ruled France?

When he ruled France, he restored and reorganized the French government and the Bank of France, built beautiful cities with wide streets, fine bridges, and beautiful buildings and monuments, such as the Arc de Triomphe.

e. Which countries did he rule when he was the emperor?

He ruled Italy, Switzerland, and Germany when he was the emperor.

f. What was the main cause of his destruction?

Invasion of Russia was the main cause of his destruction.

g. How did his rule as emperor end in Europe?

His rule as emperor ended in Europe after the Europeans gathered their armies against him.

h. How could Napoleon have been an even greater ruler?

Napoleon could have been an even greater ruler if he had not been driven by his love of power.

Critical thinking

a. What can be the qualities of a great leader? Can a great leader remain in power for long in a country? Discuss.

b. The 16th president of the USA, Abraham Lincoln said democracy is government of the people for the people and by the people. Do you think it is perfectly applicable in the present context of Nepal? Explain.

Writing

a. Write an essay on Power and Politics in about 500 words.

b. Write a couple of paragraphs about a national hero who fought bravely in the Anglo-Nepal War.

Grammar

B. Fill in the blanks with may, must or can’t.

a. Matthew must be at home. I can see his bike in front of his home.

b. They may be coming tomorrow.

c. She can’t speak French very well. She’s only lived in Paris for two weeks.

d. My key is not in my pocket or on my desk so it must be in the drawer.

e. I saw him yesterday. He can’t be abroad.

f. You got the job? That’s great. You must be very delighted.

g. I may finish it by tomorrow if I stay at work all night, but I’m not sure.

h. Somebody is knocking on the door. It must be Sabina – she promised to come today.

C. Rewrite the following sentences using may/might, must or can’t.

a. I’m sure he’s not going to the cinema today.

Ans: He can’t be going to the cinema today.

b. Perhaps she knows the answer.

Ans: She may know the answer.

c. I’m sure he has a car.

Ans: He must have a car.

d. I doubt if it rains later on.

Ans: It may rain later on.

e. Perhaps she wants to be alone.

Ans: She may want to be alone.

f. I’m sure Harina is in her office.

Ans: Harina must be in her office.

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