Unit 15 War and peace : English NEB Class 11

Ways with words

A. Match the words on the left side with their meanings on the right.

a. proclaim – declare
b. unswerving – steady or constant
c. magnanimous – generous or forgiving
d. trample – crush
e. tremendous – huge
f. inevitable – unavoidable
g. dire – dreadful
h. anguish – distress
i. impending – upcoming
j. ruthless – pitiless

B. Fill in the blanks with the suitable word from the list given.

[appalling, sanguine, slaughter, absurdity, futility, reluctance, bestir]

a. The soldiers suffer appalling injuries during the attack.

b. She is sanguine about prospects for the economic development of the country.

c. Innocent people get unexpected slaughter in the war.

d. The crowd laughed at the absurdity of the singer’s behaviour.

e. The intellectuals should be worried about the horror and futility of war.

f. He sensed her reluctance to continue the work.

g. They bestir themselves at the first light of morning.

Comprehension

Answer these questions.

a. Why was the Italian Socialist Mergari treated like a madman?

The Italian Socialist Mergari was treated like a madman because he had spoken a few natural, human words.

b. Can political aims be attained by the criminal instrumentality of war? If yes, how?

Yes, political aims can be attained by the criminal instrumentality of wars. This happens as statesmen can inculcate the sense of nationalism in people’s mind so deeply that that they are ready to die for the nation.

c. Which hopes and plans were said to be mutually contradictory?

A new massacre of inconceivable scope was said to be mutually contradictory hopes and plans.

d. What can be the sacred duty of every man of good will on earth?

The sacred duty of every man of good will on earth is not to sheathe themselves in indifference and let things take their course, but to do their utmost to prevent the final catastrophe.

e. Is it good to tacitly accept war as an instrument of politics? If not, what else should be done?

It is not good to tacitly accept war as an instrument of politics. we can stop the war if we want to in earnest.

f. How can we stop war in the world?

We can stop war in the world by not being too lazy, too easygoing, too cowardly as we are. Instead of approving or tolearting the war, we should stop the misguided machines rolling on!

g. What is the main message of this essay?

The main message of this essay is that peace is inevitable and war can only be stopped with mankind’s serious efforts and people should promote peace, friendship and brotherhood in the world instead of hatred and war.

Critical thinking

a. Are warmongers the greatest enemies for peace? What do you want to suggest to them?

b. The Nobel Prize winner American novelist John steinbeck 1920 1968 on said “all war is a symptom of man’s failure as a thinking animal.” Do you agree with the novelist? Why?

c. Does any war end all wars and bring lasting peace to the world? Discuss.

d. Why do you think countries go to war?

Writing

Write essays in about 500 words on the following topics.

a. War and peace

b. Responsive youths for peace and prosperity

Grammar

B. Divide the following sentences into different parts.

a. The children are playing now.

subject + verb + adverbial (adjunct)

b. Srijana will be reading a story.

subject + verb + object

c. Bimala is a very beautiful girl.

subject + verb (be) + complement

d. She usually wears glasses.

subject + adverbial + verb + object

e. They elected him President.

subject + verb + object + complement

f. Rabin is laughing.

subject + verb (be)

g. He has a big house in Butwal.

subject + complement + adverbial

h. The man who lives next door is a professor.

subject + complement

i. Her uncle has been living in Kathmandu for fifteen years.

subject + verb + adverbial + adverbial

j. The girl with long hair asked me a question last week.

subject + verb + object (indirect) + object(direct) + adverbial

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