Unit 2 Family : English NEB Class 12

Working with words

A. Find the words from the text and solve the puzzle. Clues are given below.

ACROSS
1. the custom of having more than one wife at the same time – Polygamy
5. to find an acceptable way of dealing with opposing ideas, needs etc. – Conflict
6. the process in which towns, streets, etc. are built where there was once countryside – Urbanization
7. the process by which somebody learns to behave in an acceptable way in their society – Socialization

DOWN
1. ruled or controlled by men – Patriarchy
2. the act of taking over a position – takeover
3. done in a way without caring if people are shocked – surprise
4. single–parent – lone-parent

B. Find the meanings of the following family–related words and use them in your own sentences.

Nuclear family

Meaning: A family of a couple and their dependent children
Sentence: I live in a nuclear family and my parents are modern enough.

Monogamy

Meaning: The practice of marrying or state of being married to one person at a time
Sentence: When my husband and I got married, we took a vow of monogamy.

Sibling–in–law

Meaning: Brother–in–law or sister–in–law
Sentence: I had a sibling–in–law, who came last Monday to see me.

Milk kinship

Meaning: A form of fostering allegiance with fellow community members
Sentence: Milk kinship, formed during nursing by a non–biological mother

Matrilineal

Meaning: Based on kinship with the mother or the female line
Sentence: The fact that all livestock are inherited along the matrilineal line is exceptional.

Nepotism

Meaning: The practice among those with power or influence of favoring relatives or friends, especially by giving them jobs.
Sentence: The nepotism in which the pope indulged is especially inexcusable.

Maternity:

Meaning: The period during pregnancy and shortly after childbirth, motherhood
Sentence: Many expectant mothers were crowded out of the maternity hospitals.

C. The following words are from the above text. Each word has two parts.

poly, un, non, dis and in are prefixes. They make new words when they are added to the beginning of other root words.

Make at least five words using the prefixes given. Consult a dictionary to learn how they change the meaning of root words.

Pre – preposition, precaution, previews, prefer, prepare
Semi – semi abandoned, semiabstract, semiarid, semi casual, semi-conductor
Sub – subconscious, subjugate, submissive, subordinate, subsidiary
Mis – misunderstand, mistake, misbehave, mistrust, misspell
Mono – monochrome, monocot, monocular, monoplane, monopoly
Un – unhappy, unhealthy, untouchable, undo, unemployment
In – internal, inflated, inject, informal, infant
Inter – Intermission, interactive, intercept, interchange, interlock

Comprehension

A. The headings of the first five paragraphs of the above text are given below. Write paragraph number next to them.

a. Patriarchal family – 3
b. Functions of the family – 2
c. Modern model of family – 5
d. Effects of industrialization on family structure – 4
e. Defining family – 1

B. Answer the following questions.

a. What type of family is thought to be the oldest form of the family?

Nuclear family is thought to be the oldest form of the family.

b. How does a family provide security to its members?

Family provides emotional and psychological security through the warmth, love, and companionship. Families also provide physical security for their members, who are too young or too old.

c. What were the features of medieval European family?

The main feature of the Medieval European family is that it was a patriarchal or male-dominated and extended family.

d. What caused the dissolution of extended families in the West?

Many people, particularly unmarried youths, left farms and went to urban centers to become industrial workers. Thus industrialization and urbanization led to the dissolution of extended families in the West.

e. What change occurred in gender role in the modern family that emerged after the Industrial Revolution?

Following change occurred in gender role in the modern family that emerged after the Industrial Revolution:
(i) Patriarchal rule began to give way to greater equality between the sexes.
(ii) Family roles once considered exclusively male or female broke down.
(iii) Some couples choose not to marry legally.
(iv) The rising levels of divorce led to increase in the number of one-parent households.

f. What is family law?

Family law is a practice area concerned with legal issues involving family relationships, such as adoption, divorce, and child custody. Attorneys practicing family law typically handle divorce, child custody, child support, and other related legal matters.

g. How is modern marriage defined?

Modern marriage is defined as a voluntary union, usually between a man and a woman.

h. What do special family courts try to do?

Special family court tries to deal more fairly with sensitive issues such as custody of children.

i. What does the legislation on child labor and child abuse declare?

The legislation on child labor and child abuse declares that there is the responsibility of society for a child’s best future and to provide compulsory education to the children.

j. What is common among most legal systems regarding property?

In most legal systems a departed family member deals with property left by the deceased family member.

Grammar

B. Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.

a. ‘How much was your parking ticket?’ ‘Fifty rupees.’ ‘Oh well, it could have been worse.’
b. It must have. got lost in the post. These things happen sometimes.
c. ‘Sorry I’m late. I got delayed at work.’ ‘You must have called. I was really worried about you.’
d. ‘I don’t think he meant to be rude.’ ‘He must have said sorry.’
e. ‘Whose signature is this?’ ‘I don’t know. It could be Manoj’s. That looks a bit like an M.’
f. I had it when I left the office so I mustn’t have. lost it on the way to home.
g. You must have think it’s funny, but I think it’s pathetic.

C. Complete the following sentences with appropriate endings. Use correct modal verbs.

a. At the end of the course, we must be prepared for the individual presentation.
b. If you want to earn a lot of money, I would suggest some tips.
c. You were not in your house yesterday. You could have your belongings stolen.
d. I’m quite busy tomorrow. I must visit my dentist.
e. When you were a small kid, you could ask for money from your relatives.
f. My car is broken. I should take it to the service center.
g. I’ve got a fast speed internet at home. I can watch movies in high quality.
h. Even though she didn’t study well, she could solve all the problems.
i. There are plenty of newspapers in the library. You can read any of them if you want.
j. What do you think you were doing, playing in the road? You could have been hit by the car.
k. I have no time. I can’t meet you.
l. You don’t look well. You should take a rest.

Notes of English - Family CLASS 12 ENG . Padandas Notes

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