Plant physiology

In this chapter you can find notes of Plant Physiology covering topics 

Unit 2 – Plant Physiology Class 12 Biology Notes

Water Relation in Plants

The significance of water in plants cannot be overstated. It plays a crucial role in processes such as diffusion, osmosis, and plasmolysis. The ascent of sap, which refers to the upward movement of water through plants, is another critical aspect. Other processes like transpiration and guttation are also discussed, highlighting how plants manage water in their environment.

Photosynthesis

This process is the foundation of life on Earth. Photosynthesis involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy, using photosynthetic pigments. The mechanism of photosynthesis is split into two phases: the photochemical phase and the Calvin-Benson cycle. The differences between C3 and C4 plants, as well as photorespiration, are explored in detail, along with the factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis.

Respiration in Plants

Respiration in plants is the process by which energy is released for growth and other functions. Key stages include glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport system. The factors affecting plant respiration are also examined.

Plant Hormones

Hormones like auxins, gibberellins, and cytokinins play a significant role in plant growth and development. Their physiological effects, including cell elongation and division, are essential to understanding plant behavior.

Plant Growth and Movement

The growth of plants is influenced by factors such as seed germination, dormancy, photoperiodism, vernalization, and senescence. Plant movements like tropic and nastic movements also form an essential part of this topic.

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